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Overview and History of Artificial Intelligence


Overview and History of Artificial Intelligence



Overview and History of Artificial Intelligence






Practice problem

authenticity issue

1. The history of artificial intelligence is not very long, but it has a tradition of about 150 years. ( x )

Research on artificial intelligence began in the mid-1950s, less than 100 years ago.

2. The fourth industrial revolution is closely related to artificial intelligence technology. ( o )

You can be ahead of the competition in the era of the 4th industrial revolution.

  • It is necessary to understand the background of key technological developments that respond to the rapidly changing trends of the times.
  • It is of great help in devising an efficient way to solve a problem.
  • Synergy can be expected through the fusion of human judgment and artificial intelligence technology.
  • It will be of great help in adapting to the rapidly developing future society.

3. Rule-based AI belongs to the connectionist AI family. ( x )

There are three classes of flows in artificial intelligence.

  • Semiotic AI (using mainly symbols and rules) - Rule-based AI - Similar to brain activity
  • Connectionist AI - Neural Network-Based AI - Similar to Right Brain Behavior
  • Statistical AI

4. Minsky, as a person belonging to a relatively early AI researcher, made a great contribution to AI research. ( o )

American artificial intelligence scientist who pioneered the field of artificial intelligence.

5. AlphaGo, an artificial intelligence Go program, was developed in the 1970s, when artificial intelligence was in its infancy. ( x )

In a brief history of artificial intelligence, it corresponds to 2011-present. ( March 2016 )

6. The most important thing in the sentences created by artificial intelligence is that the syntax is correct and the meaning must pass. ( o )

7. The reporter robot, an artificial intelligence software reporter, is currently working in the United States by actually writing stock market and sports articles. ( o )

Robot Journalism - An artificial intelligence software robot that can write articles.
Tracer - Write articles using data mining and machine learning.

8. Self-driving cars are currently being actively used for commercial purposes. ( x )

Autonomous Driving - Recognizing and controlling the traffic situation by itself and driving to the destination.
Currently, it is in the road test stage, and it is expected that it will enter the commercialization stage soon.

9. High school-level AI writing is already possible in the United States. ( x )

Artificial intelligence experts in the United States predict that by 2026, AI will be able to write high school-level writing.

10. Some art works drawn by artificial intelligence are actually sold at auction for a huge sum of 500 million won, and the creation algorithm is written instead of a signature. ( o )

In October 2018, a painting drawn by artificial intelligence was auctioned off at Christie's Auction House in New York, and it was sold for a huge sum of about 500 million won
.


Short answer/choice questions

1. What is the core chip of the graphic card that quickly processes graphic information in AI programs?

GPU - As the core chip of the graphic card, it is the job of processing graphic information quickly in artificial intelligence and
outputting it precisely on the screen.

2. What system was developed by Rosenblatt in 1957 that could recognize letters such as A, B, and C?

'Mark I Perceptron' Iranian Neural Network Model

3. Who conceived the logic of a thinking machine and first proposed the Turing test?

In 1950, Alan Turing practically defined artificial intelligence and proposed the Turing test, which judges the intelligence of a machine based on how similar it can talk to a human, along with the question "Can machines think?" A method for discriminating the

4. The first person to propose the term artificial intelligence in a workshop at Dartmouth in 1957 (John McCarthy).

5. The computer system that won the battle against past human winners in the famous American quiz show in 2011 is ( Watson ).

American TV quiz show in natural language

6. The chess computer developed by IBM in 1997 is (Deep Blue).

7. With the development of artificial intelligence technology (self-driving cars), if commercialized soon, jobs for taxi and bus drivers may decrease.

8. Which of the following is relatively unrelated to the topic of artificial intelligence? ( 4 )

1.    Technology to model human intelligence

2.    Technology that challenges the human brain

3.    The art of applying intelligent principles to computers

4.    Technology capable of solving most problems today

9. Which of the following computing devices has the least relevance to the human brain? ( 2 )

1.    Calculation function 2. Output function 3. Control function 4. Memory function

10. In which fields are artificial intelligence challenging and not yet very promising? ( 2 )

1.    Poetry 2. Fiction 3. Creative Works 4. Art


subjective question

1. Define what artificial intelligence is in two lines in your own way.

-Technology to model human intelligence using a computer -Artificial intelligence is a field that studies methods to enable computers
to perform various recognition, thinking, and learning activities that can be performed by human intelligence .

2. What motivated research to start under the name of artificial intelligence in 1956?

In 1956, at Dartmouth College in New Hampshire, USA, 10 scientists including mathematicians, biologists, and psychologists gathered to hold a 'summer workshop' on artificial intelligence.

3. Briefly describe the software and hardware used in artificial intelligence.

GPUs, parallel processing devices such as SPARK, cloud storage devices,
computer platforms, application software packages, TensorFlow, etc.

4. Explain why learning is necessary in artificial intelligence.


Learning is essential for artificial intelligence to judge situations based on its rich knowledge and ability to recognize like humans .

5. Write 5 or more fields of artificial intelligence that challenge the human brain area.

Article writing, poetry, fiction, painting, composition


etc

Comparison between humans and computers

·         Input function (external data input): sensory organ/input device

·         Memory (remembering information): brain/main memory

·         Calculation function (functions of calculation, classification, sorting, etc.): brain/associative unit, central processing unit

·         Control function (directive control of motion): brain/control unit, central processing unit

·         Output function (information output): Reactive organs (mouth, ear, hand, foot) / output device

·         Auxiliary memory function (remember a large amount of information): notes / auxiliary memory device

pepper ( pepper )

The world's first emotional recognition robot developed by Softbank to talk with humans and feel emotions.

ENIAC (ENIAC)

The world's first electronic computer was developed in 1046 by Morkley and Eckert of the United States.
Artificial intelligence was first named in 1956, ten years later, and research began.

Warren McCullough, Walter Pitts

Conjecture the human brain as a set of binary elements embodying a logical description. Demonstrates that artificial neurons can be linked with AND, OR, and NOT propositions to mimic very simple functions
operating in the human brain.

Donald Hep

Claims that there is a learning effect between neurons when repetitive firing occurs between neurons

Lisp

The first artificial intelligence programming language developed by McCarthy in 1926.

DENDRAL

The world's first expert system developed in 1965

RBW

A new deep learning-based learning algorithm proposed by Professor Jeffrey Hinton in 2004 is
mainly used in the field of classifying photo, video, and voice information.

 

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